Operating Systems Essays (862 words) - Computer Architecture

Working Systems.txt Essays (862 words) - Computer Architecture Working frameworks What is Operating System? A working framework is a program that demonstrations a go between a client of a PC and the PC equipment. The motivation behind a working framework is to give a situation where a client can execute programs. The fundamental reason for a working is to make the PC framework advantageous to utilize and client can the PC equipment in a proficient way. A working framework is like a legislature. The segments of a PC framework are its equipment, programming, and information. The working framework gives the way to the best possible utilization of these assets in the working framework. Like a legislature, the working framework plays out no valuable capacity without anyone else. It basically gives a situation inside which different projects can accomplish valuable work. The Operating System With Advantages and Disadvantages These days, the greater part of the PCs are utilizing the Window as their working framework. Microsoft-planned PC working framework, a program that controls the essential elements of PCs. Windows began life as Microsofts take on a graphical UI (GUI). Windows 3.0, Window 3.1, and Window 3.11 were the three most punctual variants of Microsofts Windows working framework. Windows 95 is a significant move up to Windows 3.1. This working framework is a genuine working framework and not a working situation just like the 3.x adaptation of Windows. Windows 95 doesn't require a different adaptation of DOS, albeit a few DOS highlights are incorporated for similarity. One preferred position of Windows 95 is its improved graphical UI, which makes working with documents and projects simpler than prior renditions. Another bit of leeway of Windows 95 is most projects run quicker under it since it is composed to exploit fresher 32-piece processors and supports helpful performing various tasks. Window 95 incorporates support for shared systems administration and email. Windows 95 does exclude the instruments for creating Internet Web pages and working Web page server. After certain occasions, Microsoft comes out another working framework to update the Windows 95which named as Windows 98. Windows 98 can give quicker framework startup and shutdown, better document the board, support for scarcely any mixed media innovations, for example, computerized video circle (DVD) and Web TV. Windows 98s Internet combination takes into account programmed conveyance of Web pages to your PC and a discretionary Web page-like UI. Like Windows 95, Windows 98 can run 16 and 32 piece programming, which implies it can run programming intended for DOS and different adaptations of Windows. Windows 98 accompanies fantastic online assistance explicitly intended to investigate indiscretion with your equipment, working framework, and applications. Its called the Windows 98 Resource Kit Plus Tools Ampler. There are a few hindrances for Windows 98, it is simpler for destroying or what we call balance contrast with Windows 95. Microsofts Windows NT (for new innovation), likewise alluded to as NT, is a modern graphical UI working framework intended for customer server systems. Windows NT is a finished working framework yet not a working domain. The benefits of Windows NT, the capacity of working with different CPUs utilizing symmetric multiprocessing, preemptive performing multiple tasks and multithreading, it can support of most major systems administration interchanges conventions, and Windows NT additionally incorporate the client and record framework security. The impediments of the Windows NT are it requires more circle space, memory, and the quicker processors only for the devices for creating Internet website pages and working framework. UNIX, which is likewise a genuine working framework. Beyond what one individual can run different applications, making it a multi-client and performing various tasks working framework. With UNIX, every client signs in utilizing a login name. Alternatively, the client should likewise gracefully a secret word. The secret key guarantees that the individual signing on with the client login name is truly who she professes to be. In the event that the PC is joined to a system, it has a few other recognizing things, including, however not restricted to, a space name and an IP address. UNIX will run on pretty much every stage made. Linux is an undeniable working framework. It gives full performing multiple tasks in a multi-client condition. It gives a high caliber of programming for an expense far lower than other business renditions of Unix. There are numerous points of interest of Linux, it is modest, practically all the dispersions are accessible completely as

buy custom Deoxyribonucleic Acid essay

purchase custom Deoxyribonucleic Acid exposition Dynamic Deoxyribonucleic corrosive is regularly truncated as DNA ,is essentially a nucleic corrosive which contains hereditary material or directions that are utilized for the turn of events and working of any living beings aside from the RNA infections. The fundamental job that DNA atoms play is the capacity of hereditary data. DNA is as a rule contrasted with some arrangement of plans, since it contains the primary guidelines that are required for building different parts of body cells, for example proteins and others like the RNA particles. The sections of the DNA that convey the hereditary material are ordinarily called qualities, the other DNA parts have basic capacities and purposes, for example they are in are associated with the way toward controlling the utilization of a portion of the hereditary data and material . The RNA and different proteins in the DNA are a portion of the three principle and significant macromolecules which are fundamental for any type of life. The foundation of DNA and how it occurred DNA chiefly comprises of two protracted polymers which comprise of little and straightforward units known as nucleotides which have spines that are made of phosphate gatherings and sugars; they are typically joined by obligations of ester. The two strands kind of run in inverse ways from one another and along these lines give off an impression of being against equal. One of those four kinds of atoms that are called nucleobases are appended to the sugars .It is the grouping and game plan of these four nucleobases on the spine which encodes the hereditary data. This hereditary data is typically perused utilizing hereditary code, which helps in indicating the arrangement of different properties like the amino acids in the proteins. The hereditary code is ordinarily perused by essentially duplicating the DNA extends into related nucleic corrosive RNA through a procedure that is called translation. Inside substantial cells, DNA is regularly sorted out into some long structures known as chromosomes. During the procedure of cell division the chromosomes are regularly copied in the DNA replication process, this furnishes every one of the phones with its own arrangement of chromosomes. Eukaryotic living beings consistently store the greater part of their DNA material in their cell core. Legal disputes that included DNA tests DNA has help free numerous individuals who were detained for a long time for example there was a case including a Texas man who was detained near 30 years back in light of theft accusations, he was fortunate as of late when his conviction got upset after DNA test proof helped him get excused. A Dallas County Judge by the name Don Adams upset Mr. Cornelius Dupree Jr.s conviction because of opposite proof politeness of a DNA test. Dupree had served numerous years in a jail in Texas for a wrongdoing he really didn't submit luckily he got absolved as a result of the DNA proof. Its lone two others who got excused by utilization of DNA have invested a more extended time of energy in jail in the entire republic, this was uncovered by the Innocence Project. Texas alone has liberated near 41 wrongly imprisoned detainees and this is required by DNA testing since the year 2001, than some other state. Mr. Dupree told writers that being free carried a ton of happiness to him considering the timeframe he had been unjustifiably detained .He admitted that his discharge was both upbeat yet in addition made him irritated somehow yet the delight abrogated the indignation ,opportunity implied a great deal to him. The choices of the appointed authority depended on the a portion of the remarks from a Dallas District Attorney by the name Craig Watkins, who said that the DNA testing demonstrated in any case as to charges that Dupree carried out the wrongdoing. After his discharge Dupree endeavored not to be excessively irritated and irate, regardless of the way that they had detained him unjustifiably for a long time and burned through his time. He declared that what befell him could have happened to some other individual yet tragically it happened to him and he argued for the government to address the equity framework to guarantee that nobody ever languishes over mix-ups or violations they acually didnt submit. The framework he was really alluding to was that of the US however especially Dallas on the grounds that a record 21 people had been excused in light of the fact that their DNA test negated the claims leveled against them .Mr. Cornelius Dupree went through thirty years in jail in view of mixed up personality, something that would have been stayed away from if quite a few practices would have been utilized in the fair treatment that prompted his wretchedness. Nina Morrison, who happens to be a ranking staff legal counselor at the Dallas Innocence Project, while tending to the media over a similar issue admitted that without a doubt there, are a major number of individuals who are in every case wrongly charged and sentenced particularly in Dallas and numerous different places in America based on wrong ID or mixed up personality. Luckily she guaranteed that a great deal of upgrades were in the offing to guarantee that what befell Mr. Dupree doesn't ever transpire else. Morrison ascribed the exemption of Dupree to the great work of a portion of the lead prosecutors who has truly been looking at a portion of the past feelings intently and furthermore the Dallas County lawful experts for keep proof securely. Watkins who was the then head prosecutor, said that there were no norms set up to essentially help in the correct keeping of proof, yet when he expected office, he guaranteed that individuals didn't just look to convict others yet to likew ise look for equity. As per Shown, A. (2011), one of the measures that ought to be set up is to fundamentally make a unit which explicitly takes a gander at cases of those claiming to be honest .Watkins along with Morrison who work at the honesty venture are completely resolved to see that changes that are planned for guaranteeing moment equity to the honest ones are set up. The specialists ought to be worried about guaranteeing that they bring back trust to the equity framework. Dupree had been blamed for being a piece of a gathering of men who constrained a moderately aged lady who was in the organization of a male companion to get into a vehicle at firearm point in the year 1979.The two had to drive and got burglarized in the process the extent that the court record utilized all things considered are concerned. Dupree was additionally blamed for assaulting the youngster as per the court records. As per the court archives, the youngster at first figured out how to distinguish Dupree in the wake of being introduced a photograph line-up. During the preliminary, the two casualties affirmed that Dupree was the person who perpetrated the deplorable wrongdoing. Dupree was indicted and allowed a 75 years sentence. Dupree battled and battled for his blamelessness from the day he was captured and an exceptionally extensive stretch of time he ineffectively endeavored to persuade the specialists that he was erroneously recognized by the casualty as the suspect. The Criminal court Appeal dealing with his case turned him down multiple occasions. As per Wade, S (2010), mixed up ID is one of the most well-known reasons that court give at whatever point they blame and on occasion sentence individuals guiltlessly, this has consistently tormented the majority of our criminal equity frameworks, anyway incredible steps have really been made in recent decades to help precisely see a portion of the issue so as to concoct answers for help limit a portion of the improper feelings. As indicated by Osterburg, j.and Ward. R (2010) the state officials ought to be sharp and observe the pointless unnatural birth cycle of truth and equity that Cornelius endured on the grounds that at whatever point an off-base indivi dual gets sentenced for a crime, the genuine individual who executed the wrongdoing goes free. The utilization of DNA is one of the most productive approaches to guarantee that equity is apportioned to all reasonably sadly its somewhat costly and whenever affected along with other little changes for example diminishing debasement on the grounds that as much as DNA May be accurate,if we have a rebels legal executive then we are going nowhere.To make the framework generally proficient and decrease odds of defilement a lot of changes need to happen. Above all else it should be totally free including the activities of open safeguard workplaces, which ought to have their own promptly accessible and stable full-time resistance legal advisors and lawyers completely bbacked by great office bolster staff and keen specialists. The open protector workplaces ought to be subjects to customary assessment and examination .Public safeguard workplaces ought to be built up in more districts and if conceivable grow and reinforce the current ones for capital cases, so as to have statewide reach a mong the less populated provinces. The state needs more pioneers and especially those in power to have trustworthiness in order to guarantee that all the cash that is apportioned for focused endeavors doesnt get abused. The provinces ought to endeavor to act naturally productive and bear the whole expense of the open protector office for them to acknowledge development and an awareness of other's expectations. On the off chance that at this procedure doesnt appear to work, at that point the awards ought to be organized with the goal that the state can take care of a large portion of the expense of the penniless guard program. Then again, the legislature can also assume an oversight job so as to help open protector workplaces for them to be progressively successful. Another alternative is to make the different lawyer arrangement strategies and frameworks over the state to be progressively autonomous. Many are of the conclusion that the present arrangement of enabling the jury or judges to name the safeguard legal counselors or lawyers contradicts best practices that were proclaimed by the American Bar Association. Its contended that by giving adjudicators and the jury this force, acted like a key irreconcilable circumstance and an open door for debasement. Shy of thinking of a free open protector workplaces, choices that can permit districts to concoct an autonomous insight arrangement framework despite everything exist

Blog Archive Fixing Common Interviewing Mistakes, Part 1 Follow the Answer First Model

Blog Archive Fixing Common Interviewing Mistakes, Part 1 Follow the “Answer First” Model This post was written by our resident Career Coach, Elissa Harris. To sign up for a free 30-minute career consultation with Elissa, please  click here.   As many MBA students are preparing for their internship interviews, we at mbaMission are hearing several common (and easy to correct) mistakes in our clients’ answers to sample questions. Today’s post tackles the issue of taking too long to get to the main point of the story. Doing so is problematic for three reasons: (1) the interviewer does not know why the candidate is telling the story; (2) the answer does not relate to the competencies sought after for the role; and/or (3) it is boring for the interviewer.   To help improve your answers, we have provided the following “before” and “after” examples. Please note that these examples are for illustrative purposes only and should not be copied verbatim in upcoming interviews. Q. Tell me about yourself. Before: I am a first-year MBA at School X, majoring in strategic management. I grew up in the Bay Area and went to college at School X. I joined Company X’s leadership rotational program and served across the marketing, operations, and finance functions of the company. After two-and-a-half years and a promotion, I decided to leave Company X to join a start-up and get more hands-on experience and more project ownership. There, I helped scale the company from ten to 200 employees and increase revenue to more than $3M… Revision Tips: Start with a headline or roadmap for your answer. Before launching into your experiences, try summarizing them into themes such as relevant attributes for the job, specific examples of accomplishments, the rationale for each step in your career, and evidence of a connection to your target role.   After: I am really excited to be here today interviewing for a consulting position with Firm X, as I believe my previous experiences will enable me to drive impact for your clients. Throughout my personal and professional life, I have chosen opportunities that developed my analytical problem-solving foundation and pushed me to build strong leadership and client engagement capabilities. After attending college at School X, I decided to join Company X’s leadership rotational program in order to apply the business acumen I developed as an undergraduate economics major. Throughout my two-and-a-half years at the company and rotations across four different functions, I frequently collected and analyzed large data sets to form hypotheses and propose potential solutions to senior leadership… Q. Tell me about a time when you had to convince somebody of your way of thinking. Before: I would like to tell you about a time when I disagreed with senior management of Company X about the company’s marketing strategy. The challenges I faced were… Revision Tips: Hook in the interviewer. Use language from the question prompt. Add context (i.e., numbers) to help the interviewer see that persuading senior management was a true challenge and that your actions were really impressive and impactful to the organization.   After: I would like to tell you about a time when I convinced the senior director of innovation at my company to shift from a traditional to a social mediaâ€"focused marketing strategy. This change led to an 8x increase in visibility for the firm’s innovation initiatives and three new client contracts worth more than $2M in revenue. To do this, the challenges I faced were… To learn other strategies for improving your interview performance, connect with mbaMission for a complimentary consultation call with one of our MBA Career Coaches. We also recommend that you review case coach and interview expert David Ohrvall’s book, Interview Logic.     Share ThisTweet Career Advice

What was the Cause of the Rwandan Genocide - 1116 Words

A. Plan of Investigation What was the cause of the Rwandan Genocide? The assassination of the president of Rwanda, Juvenal Habyarimana on April 6, 1994, was the event that started the 100 Day massacre of the Tutsis by the Hutus, known as the Rwandan Genocide. The objective of this investigation is to find out the root of the cause of the Rwandan Genocide. The body of evidence will investigate the history of the conflict between the Hutu and Tutsi ethnic groups and the events leading up to the genocide. The evidence includes articles from different news sources, ranging from CNN to BBC, and world organizations. The investigation will cover the history of the two ethnic groups, the reason for their conflict, events leading to the genocide, and events during the genocide itself. B. Summary of Evidence History of the Hutu and Tutsi: The Hutus and Tutsis are descended from ancestors sharing a common language, who settled the Rwanda-Burundi area of east-central Africa . Among these people, two forms of subsistence developed: One group relied on cultivation and farming and the other relied on cattle raising ¹. Farmers were Hutus and pastoralists were Tutsis ¹. The terms Hutu and Tutsi became class markers, and the Tutsis were the wealthier members of the society ¹.The Hutu has always been the majority population ².The Tutsi have always been the minority population and they believe in a hierarchical system, with the king being at the top . Conflict: When the Europeans came intoShow MoreRelatedGenocides And Genocides Of Genocides987 Words   |  4 PagesAfrican Holocaust Genocide is a million African people being butchered by hand by their neighbors, with household tools and homemade weapons—machetes, hoes, and hammers. Genocides are commonly overlooked throughout many countries. Africa has had many genocides and wars occurring over the past century. The most known genocides are ones that occurred in Rwanda and Darfur. Researchers have found that most genocides show the same patterns and key elements. As different genocides of Africa have occurredRead MoreIn Her Article, â€Å"How Not To Talk About African Fiction:1516 Words   |  7 Pagessocial ills, cultural themes, and political concerns† (par. 4). Although it highlights the social ill of the Rwandan Genocide, Boris Boubacar Diop’s novel, Murambi: The Book of Bones (2000), attracts audiences due to having a fictional storyline while simultaneously discussing the realistic events and experiences of the Rwandan genocide. Within the novel, Diop writes about the Rwandan Genocide, spending a particular amount of time on the massacre that took place at the Murambi technical school. ToRead MoreThe Genocide Of Rwanda s Genocide1624 Words   |  7 PagesThe Genocide in Rwanda INTRODUCTION Genocides happen when ethnic divisions become apparent. Many times, these ethnic divisions were due to colonization from people of different race. These cases are especially true in Africa when Europeans colonized their territory, with clear racial divisions between them (Gavin). These genocides go on because of nations acting on ignorance and refusing to help out the nations in turmoil, allowing the genocides to continue, without wasting their own resources.Read MoreWe Cry On The Inside : Image Theater And Rwanda s Culture Of Silence1688 Words   |  7 Pages It is often discussed that Rwandans have a â€Å"culture of silence† or an aptitude to withhold their personal struggles or opinions. There are phrases in Kinyarwanda that demonstrate this cultural trait such as â€Å"keep it all inside† and â€Å"we cry on the inside† (Blair Fletcher 4). In Blair and Fletcher’s article We Cry on the Inside: Image Theater and Rwanda’s Culture of Silence, a me mber of one of the theater activities stated â€Å"It’s not easy to explain your problems to another. It’s considered unacceptableRead MoreThe Genocide Of Rwandan Genocide837 Words   |  4 PagesEnglish 2:Period 2 20 November 2015 Rwandan Genocide INTRODUCTION After the atrocities suffered by the Jewish people at the hand of the Nazi regime, the United Nations formed the U.N. Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (UNCG), dedicated to the understanding and prevention of future genocides. The UNCG defines genocide as acts committed with intent toRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide1637 Words   |  7 Pageseight hundred thousand to one million deaths, the Rwandan genocide is undoubtedly one of the most sad and shocking examples of the lack of intervention by not only the US and the UN, but by other countries as well. The ongoing tensions between the Hutu, the largest population in Rwanda, and the Tutsi, the smaller and more elite population is what eventually lead to the Rwandan genocide. The killings began quickly after President Habyarimana s plane was shot down. After h undreds of thousands of deathsRead MoreRwandan Genocide : Behind The Media s Eyes1088 Words   |  5 PagesRwandan Genocide: Behind the Media’s Eyes Could the Rwandan Genocide have been prevented? Absolutely. If Rwanda hadn’t been under Belgian rule, and if western countries would have sent troops in to help, the genocide could ve been avoided. There was no light shed on the genocide by the western media. The media twisted and contorted the reality of the genocide. While Western media claimed that Tutsis were victims of genocide, they failed to identify the true victim of the genocide. Hutus and TutsisRead MoreRwandan Genocide1017 Words   |  5 Pagesconflicts is the Rwandan Genocide. The Rwandan Genocide included two tribes in Rwanda: Tutsis and Hutus. Upon revenge, the Hutus massacred many Tutsis and other Hutus that supported the Tutsis. This gruesome war lasted for a 100 days. Up to this date, there have been many devastating effects on Rwanda and the global community. In addition, many people have not had many acknowledgements for the genocide but from this genocide many lessons have been learned around the world. To find the cause of the RwandanRead MoreEssay on Rwandan Genocide: Tutsis versus Hutus1421 Words   |  6 PagesRwandan Genocide: Tutsis vs. Hutus The many tears that stream down my face cry for the generations of my kids to come. I sit here as an innocent victimized Tutsi woman, to tell you my story of the Rwandan genocide and how it impacted my people. Through many years of pain and suffering I sit here before you to relieve my anger and install my knowledge of why the Belgium through colonization only installed more love in me toward my people and hatred towards me for not being able to help my peopleRead MoreThe Rwandan Genocide And The Genocide1393 Words   |  6 PagesThe Rwandan Genocide was one of the most violent genocides in the history of the world and was intricately planned and implemented by the ethnic group called the Hutu in an attempt to eliminate another, the Tutsis. Though the genocide lasted only one hundred days, the number of deaths is estimated to be approximately 800,000. In the wake of the genocide, mass chaos plagued the country of Rwanda, deepening the divide between the groups Hutu and Tutsi. Alt hough it can be said the genocide was caused

Siddhartha, Siddhartha And The Brahman Community - 1912 Words

a. Context: Siddhartha is envied in the Brahman community; everyone wants to be him. The Brahman practices, like holy sacrifices, meditation, and deep reflection and discussion, have not pleased Siddhartha in his journey. b. Significance: This displays Siddhartha’s first stage in his development. His life as a Brahman brings him much discontent, which prompts him to follow a path toward enlightenment. In order to dismiss his current state and discover his true inner being, he believes he needs to pursue a life as a Samana. This choice requires him to leave his current life and parents behind in the Brahman community. a. Context: Siddhartha, now as a Samana, understands that in order to achieve true enlightenment, he must replace his†¦show more content†¦He attempts suicide, as he thinks he is not worthy of anything, not even life. a. Context: After discovering Om, Siddhartha returns to his true being and is full of knowledge. He understands that he needs to take what comes naturally, just like the cycle of the river. The present is what is important, for that is where all knowledge lies. b. Significance: Siddhartha reaches the final stage in his journey. As a result of previous failures, he recognizes that life should be lived in moderation. Happiness is reached through individual moments, rather than through a certain way of life. a. Context: The narrator and Maxim are eating, and Maxim begins to ask the narrator some questions. He starts asking her about how she knows Mrs. Van Hopper (she employed her to become a companion – paid 90 pounds a year). Then he goes on to ask about her family and he comments upon her name. b. Significance: Du Maurier, immediately upon introducing the narrator, utilizes her anonymous nature to make an assertion about her weak character. Even though the hero of the story, Maxim de Winter, makes remarks about her name, one never learns of it. The inclusion of the father in relation to her name signifies that the name is actually representing her father; it is not unique to her. It is not until she is married to the hero, Maxim, that she obtains a title: Mrs. De Winter. a. Context: While inspectingShow MoreRelatedSimilarities Between Hinduism And Hinduism1560 Words   |  7 Pagesprimarily focused in India. Hinduism is a way of life for many Indians. The Hindus have one God named Brahman, the Ultimate Reality, who takes many forms to three other gods, Vishnu, Shiva, and Devi (M. Nichols 8/31). This religion is not polytheistic, it is just that Brahman appeals to all. Hindus also have many ways of practice. The goal of the Hindu religion is to unite one’s atman, soul, with Brahman, the ultimate (M. Nichols 8/31). An individual can strengthen that relationship with karma. ThereRead MoreReligion Was Never Meant To Provide A Sense Of Independence In Hermann Hesses Siddhartha1446 Words   |  6 Pagesand the explanations one must rely on. The novel Siddhartha by Hermann Hesse begins with Siddhartha seeking Atman, the individual spirit or enlightenment. In his childhood, he accumulates the wisdom of his Brahmin heritage but as he begins to s eek his individual spirit he is disappointed to realize that he would not find it in his Brahman community. He had started to suspect that his venerable father and his other teachers, that the wise Brahmans had already revealed to him the most and best of theirRead MoreSiddhartha-the Shape of Time Essay1237 Words   |  5 Pagespreparing for the future. The circle never ends, thus the past is always clinging but the future never has a dearth of possibilities. Hermann Hesse employed the latter model of time in Siddhartha. The river that the title character eventually lives by is the prime example of the fluid concept. Siddhartha comes to recognize the river as a metaphor for his existence. There is no definite starting point or finishing line of time, just as there is no specific beginning or end of a body of waterRead MoreBuddhism Lecture Notes : Siddhartha1701 Words   |  7 PagesBuddhism Lecture Notes Siddhartha Gautama was born around 500 BC, roughly the same time that Hinduism was shifting into the more meditative and spiritual form found in the Upanishads and breaking away from the old Vedic tradition. Siddhartha himself was raised within a Hindu community, and thus Buddhism, it can be said, began as an outgrowth of Hinduism very much like Christianity began as an outgrowth of Judaism. In fact, you’ll likely notice some amazing similarities between the life of ChristRead MoreBuddhism Vs Hinduism : Hinduism1773 Words   |  8 Pagespossibility of union with the superior being, and the doctrine of karma.The overall goal that must be achieved, is that the soul must be reunited with the Brahman (Michaels, 156). The spiritual leader of the Hinduism religion is known as the Brahman. He is the creator, the top of the purity scale and others see himself as god-like. The Brahman has achieved the highest status because he is ideally embodied of what society sees as the highest values. Since he was a king, soldier and spiritual teacherRead MoreThe Three Major Religions Of The World1465 Words   |  6 Pagesapart from the nations to be my own† (Lev. 20:26). Each religion shares a common set of principles and values in order to experience the divine their own perspective. Whether it is the Holy Trinity, Yahweh, Allah, the 380 million gods that represent Brahman or achieving the state of Buddha, each person worshipping their respective religion share a set of morals and ethics that are not limited to one specific religion. Another principle in which the five religions have in common are a type of sacredRead MoreHinduism Vs. Buddhism970 Words   |  4 Pagesreligions of majority of the people in India and Nepal as well as communities in other continents, who refer to themselves as Hindus.† Flourished between 2500 BCE to 1500 BCE, and developed by Aryans. (Flood) What is Buddhism? Many say that Buddhism is an offspring of Hinduism. However, Buddhism founded in 560 BC is a religion that originated from Northern India. This religion’s uniqueness comes from Buddha also known as Siddhartha Gautama (563- 483 BCE). Some of his teachings included: The Four NobleRead MorePartition Of Indi The Indian Of Indian Subcontinent1386 Words   |  6 PagesHindu teachers tried to explain the Vedic hymns to their students. In the Upanishads, dialogue between the teacher and student, the teachers describe how people can achieve moksha by understanding the relationship between atman (individual soul) and Brahman (world soul containing/uniting all atmans). Over time, Hinduism changed and developed. Brahma became overshadowed by many forms of Devi (mother Goddess). Hindu ideas about Karma and reincarnation shaped the caste system. Good fortune, such as beingRead MoreBuddhism, Hinduism, But Still From India852 Words   |  4 Pagesnot follow Hinduism, but s till from India, you may follow Buddhism. This religion founded in North-eastern India is based on the teachings of Siddhartha Gautama known as the Buddha. In most Buddhist traditions, he is regarded as the Supreme Buddha meaning awakened one or the enlightened one†. Originating as a monastic movement within the dominant Brahman tradition of the day, Buddhism quickly developed in a distinctive direction than Hinduism. The Buddha rejected significant aspects of Hindu philosophyRead MoreClassification of Religions1509 Words   |  7 PagesGod and eternal soul called Brahman. The different types of Hinduism recognize different deities. Hindus think that karma determines the cycle of life, or samsara, which is wrote of birth, mortality, and rebirth that the soul goes through repetitively. The oldest priestly texts of Hinduism are the Vedas, or Books of Knowledge. According to Hinduism, Brahman composed everything. Different breeds of Hinduism worship other deities, trusting that they hold attributes of Brahman. Hindus are generally separated

Adler, N. (1991). International Dimensions Of Organizational

Adler, N. (1991). International dimensions of organizational behaviour: PWS-KENT Publishing Company, Boston, USA. Aksoy, L. Cooil, B. Groening, C. Keiningham, T. L. Yalà §Ã„ ±n, A. (2008). The long-term stock market valuation of customer satisfaction. Jounal of Marketing, 72 (July), 105-122. Anderson, E.W. (1996). Customer satisfaction and price tolerance. Marketing Letters, 7 (3), 19-30. Anderson, E.W. Sullivan, M. (1993). The antecedents and consequences of customer satisfaction for firms. Marketing Science, 72 (Spring), 125-143. Anderson, K. McAdam, R. (2004). A critique of benchmarking and performance measurement- lead or lag. Benchmarking An International Journal, 11 (5), 465-483. A-Sun, K. Kim, D. (2011). Customer†¦show more content†¦Brown, M. (1996). Keeping score: Using the right metrics to drive world-class performance. Quality Resources, New York, NY. Cannings, A. Hills, T. (2012). A framework for auditing HR: Strengthening the role of HR in the organisation. Industrial and Commercial Training, 44 (3), 139-149. Carman, J. M. (1990). Consumer perceptions of service quality: An assessment of the SERVQUAL dimensions. Journal of Retailing, 66 (1), 33-55. Central Agency for Public Mobilization and Statistics (2010), from http://www.capmas.gov.eg. Central Bank of Egypt Report (2015) 50, from http://www.cbe.org.eg/en. Chenhall, R. H. (2005). Integrative strategic performance measurement systems, strategic alignment of manufacturing, learning and strategic outcomes: An exploratory study. Accounting, Organizations and Society, 30, 395-422. Collins, C. Ericksen, J. Allen, M. (2006). Research report on phase 4 of the Cornell University / Gevity Institute Study –financial impact. Cornell University Report. Delery, J. E. Doty, D.H. (1996). Modes of theorizing in strategic human resource management: Tests of universalistic, contingency and configurational performance predictions. Academy of Management Journal, 39, 802–835. Denis, J.E., (1996). Culture and International Marketing Mix Decisions, University of Geneva, Working Paper. Denizci, B. Xiang, L. (2009). Linking marketing efforts to financial outcome: an exploratory study in tourism and hospitality contexts. Journal of HospitalityShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding National Culture And How Relevant Is Important Essay841 Words   |  4 Pagesapproaches to understanding national culture and how relevant is such an understanding to an internationalising firm. â€Æ' Index 1.- Introduction 3 2.- Aproaches to National Culture 4 2.1.- Hall’s Context Culture Model 5 2.2.- Hofstede s Cultural Dimensions Theory 5 2.3.- Trompenaars Model of National Culture Differences 5 3.- Conclusion 6 4.- Bibliography 7 â€Æ' 1.- Introduction According to Hofstede definition, it is possible to develop the idea of national culture as a culture for a particular groupRead MoreApplication of a Theoretical Framework Used in the Study of Organisational Culture to Conduct an Analysis of an Organisation’s Culture4731 Words   |  19 PagesSTUDY OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE TO CONDUCT AN ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANISATION’S CULTURE Northumbria University B(A) in Business with International Management Culture and Organisation HR0372 Total Word Count: 3285 APPLICATION OF A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK USED IN THE STUDY OF ORGANISATIONAL CULTURE TO CONDUCT AN ANALYSIS OF AN ORGANISATION’S CULTURE Abstract 2 Adler, N. J. Gundersen, A. (2008), argued that culture is therefore ï‚ · ï‚ · ï‚ · Something that is shared by all or almost all members of aRead MoreDomestic HRM Policies and Practices Exported to International Operations2486 Words   |  10 PagesTo what extent should an organisation export its domestic HRM policies and practices to its international operations? Your answer should consider SIHRM in multi-domestic, multinational and global organisations in the context of cultural, political and economic influences To what extent should an organisation export its domestic HRM policies and practices to its international operations? The development of global strategies has been a topic of interest for some 40 years. Organizations can chooseRead MoreNational Culture in International Management2752 Words   |  12 PagesNational culture in International Management Deresky (2011) defines international management as â€Å"the process of planning, organizing, leading, and controlling in a multinational or cross-cultural environment† (p. 458). Miroshnik (2002) suggests that although the economic and physical environments certainly are important issues in multinational business, the cultural environment has a special importance in multinational business. Therefore, it is essential for international managers to understandRead MoreValues Across Cultures2688 Words   |  11 Pagesselected (that are U.S.A and India) and their different values were noted which include corruption level in organization, resistance to self management and cooperation with group members. These values are judged on the basis of the two of the hofstede dimension of national cultures (i.e. power distance and individualism). Hofstede have given index to the countries according to the cultural and economic data. Table 1 for details on individual attributes measures nation | Power/Distance (PD) | IndividualismRead MorePersonality and Cultures5274 Words   |  22 PagesInternational Journal of Knowledge, Culture and Change Management Volume 4 Article: MC04-0051-2004 Personality and Culture Learning Goals and Their Impact on Performance of Global Firms Carlos J. Alsua, Assistant Professor of Business Administration (Management), College of Business and Public Policy, University of Alaska Anchorage, USA ‘Knowledge’ and ‘Culture’: Organisational Intangibles and their Tangible Value Proceedings from the Management Conference 2004 International JournalRead MoreNavigating Turbulence : Integrated Hrm And Toyota Motors Corp1490 Words   |  6 Pagesenterprises (MNEs) often attempt to export their organizational practices to their subsidiaries worldwide. However, they soon realize that some practices do not always lead to the desired outcomes in some subsidiaries. Therefore, they find themselves struggling to figure out how to manage the practices of their subsidiaries. This is precisely the scenario that Toyota Motor Corp. found themselves in, as they failed to identify the appropriate organizational approaches across their subsidiaries accordingRead MoreHuman Resource Management: Convergence and Divergence Dabate in Europe4215 Words   |  17 Pagespractice. Due to technological advancement, globalization and economic changes in terms of human resource management practice made managers to develop new competencies to manage their working futures (Morgan 1988) increasingly, these require an international perspective in order to manage people in different culture and with different customs. There has been debate about how new ‘internationalisation’ or globalisation is, (Brewster, Sparrow, and Harris,2001, Farnham,1994, Hu, 1992, Moore and LewisRead MoreRecruitment and Selection the Hofstede Model7727 Words   |  31 Pagesnumber of persons employed by their organisations in countries other than their own.   It is increasingly common for employees of international companies to spend several years working in other countries.   It is also common for expatriates to work for several years in two or three different countries, during their careers with their employers. Employees are sent to international assignments for one or more reasons: 1. to fill positions for which host country employees are judged to be unsuitable Read MoreA Typology of International Human Resource Management Strategies and Processes3217 Words   |  13 Pagesf *|*IT I* I ranr n (ji^Jp A typology of international human resource management strategies and processes Michael Dickmann and Michael MUller-Camen Abstract This paper develops a framework of international human resource management (lHRM) that moves bcyotid strategy and structtire to focus on proces.ses. The results of six case studies of large German multinational corporations in three countries show different conligurations of IHRM strategies and policies. International knowledge flows and

M Ms Miners and Mercury Essay Example For Students

M Ms Miners and Mercury Essay Word Count: 442 Most miners of the Amazon lead a very pollutedway of life. They pollute the environment they live inand they pollute themselves. The, garimpeiros asthe miners are called in Brazil are independentfarmers of the gold that flows beneath the rivers ofthe Amazon rain-forest. Their daily routine of earlymornings, long hard days, and late nights drinkingand taking cocaine contribute to their way of life. Their only goal in life is to drill for the gold dustwhich seems to collect at the bottoms of waterfallsthen use the profits for illegal self indulgences likecocaine. To extract this gold dust they mustcombine mercury with the dust, and because of themercurys chemical make-up it is able to extract thegold from the useless rock and debris. The mercury,however, isnt the cleanest element for theenvironment. Many garimpeiros carelessly use themercury then dump it into the rivers polluting thewater and the food. Also, the dust from the mercurygets inhaled and eating by the miners, contributingto their polluted way of life. All day dragas, whichare boats used for mining the bottom of rivers, arepulled to locations where gold is thought to befound, moving and polluting. Then there is thecommon drug use among these farmers. The authoreven quotes a man named Lincoln, an owner of adraga, saying, not that I object to cocaine. Its noworse than anything else, as far as I know, andaddicts make goo d workers. To sum thegarimpeiros way of life, they live a life of drinkingand drugs, women and murder. So the polluted wayof life is obvious, men poison the waters and thefood and then ultimately themselves, with the illegalactivities of the mining trade in Brazil. Although most do not realize their way of life andits defects, the struggling people of the Brazillianmining trade have special situations and greataspirations. Most men are poor and the temptationto work as a garimpeiros is great. Their isnt muchwork other then that of an independent miner. Theirline of work has what the author describes as a,free-spirited, picaresque hero. Most men aspireto inevitably find that big strike thats just around thecorner, then get out and raise a decent life,however, this isnt the typical case, most do not,get-out. Now, although this seems really negative,the positive aspect of the garimpo way of life keepsyoung men out of social trouble and keeps thedragas moving and operating. The garimpeiros wayof life should not be subject to the Americanstandard way of living, these people do what theyare brought up to do and act like the culture acts. Tosimplify the miners way of life is to quote a mannamed Ludwig that the author interviewed, Its aCatch 22 situat ion, Damned if you do, Damned ifyou dont.

European Industrial Revolution Essays - Manufacturing,

European Industrial Revolution European Industrial Revolution The European Industrial Revolution was a time of drastic change. In England it became a transformation from hand tools and hand made items to machined and mass-produced goods. The growth of factories replaced the cottage industries and spawned the development of cities. Growing cities and factories led to changes in transportation, labor, and working conditions. These changes generally helped workers lives, even though initially there were more negatives than positives. Before the Industrial Revolution England's economy was based on its cottage industry. Workers would buy raw materials from merchants, take it back to their cottages, hence the name, and produce the goods at their homes. This industry was efficient but the workers productivity was low. Subsequently, goods were high in price and exclusive to only wealthy people. The Industrial Revolution meant factories could mass-produce items at much lower costs than the cottage industries, making goods more affordable to consumers. With the invention of the steam engine, a shift from rural waterwheels to steam engines as an industrial power source facilitated the emergence of factories and industrial cities. Factories started the process of urbanization by causing people to leave rural sectors and move to the cities looking for a better life. The increase in population in the cities caused overcrowding, pollution, and thus became a breeding ground for communicable diseases. Cities had a snowballing effect developing new business. New and improved transportation systems evolved. The developments in transportation played an important role in industrialization. Growing cities necessitated investments to be made in improving infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and canals. This paved the way for industrialization which needed an efficient system to transport mass amounts of goods from factories to markets. As the sale of goods increased, factories' production needed to increase causing problems for the factory worker. Factories changed the meaning of labor. Even if the hours worked were roughly the same in the factory or in the cottage, factory wage earners lost control over the pace and methods of their work. Constant supervision was also a novel experience, at least for the head of the household. The head of the household, usually the father of the family, was the supervisor in the family run cottage. In the factories he lost his supervision power and was just a worker. Consequently men avoided factory work in the early nineteenth century. Most cottage working families chose to stay in their homes. As factory production grew, home workers saw their earnings shrink. The next generation cottage workers would find their choice tipped much more heavily toward factories. Life was drastically changed during the Industrial Revolution. Factory workers were living in germ infested, crowded and very unhealthful conditions, much like their place of work. Children and women labored in harsh conditions, working long hours with little pay. Much of the British working class was worse off. Real wages stagnated while workers sacrificed freedom, health and family. Government involvement was needed to change these conditions. Laws such as the Factory Act (1833) were passed to improve working conditions. The Industrial Revolution changed Europe forever and it's social and economic changes helped guide other countries through their growth and industrialization processes. Bibliography Cross, Gary. Szostak, Rick. Technology and American Society. New Jersey: Prentice and Hall Inc. 1995 Willner, Mark. Martin, Mary. Weiner, Jerry. More, David. Hero,George. Lets Review: Global Studies. Barron's Educational Series Inc. 1994 Greenberg, Marc. Lectures at The College of Aeronautics. Windsor Locks, Ct. 1999

Street Children In Egypt Essay Example

Street Children In Egypt Essay Example Street Children In Egypt Essay Example Street Children In Egypt Essay Example Children belong to the family which makes the community. However, they are the most vulnerable members in terms of a political, social, and economic crisis at family, community, and state level. They cannot defend themselves as adults do; hence, coping with such situations becomes hard. Most of them opt to go to streets, thus the name street children. People identify them in many ways, including those children who beg for food, money in the streets of towns and cities. They dress in rags or oversized cloths and they are dirty with many bruises on their face and body because they commonly engage in fights with others when they struggle to obtain food or something else. Some street girls have their own babies and other babies do not have their mothers. They sleep on streets on bare floors or on pieces of cardboards and tattered blankets. They may ask people for simple jobs like cleaning cars, carrying loads, and cleaning and collecting litter so that they can get money to buy food. Peo ple believe that most of them are orphans and homeless. Governmental and non-governmental organizations have failed to estimate the number of children in the streets. Studies show that it is difficult to attain an exact number of street children in a city or country because some street children keep on moving from one place to another. Also, sometimes they are in the street, but sometimes they are at their homes. Street children do not have birth certificates; hence, it is difficult to calculate their number. However, most organizations and individuals believe that extensive research has not been carried out to estimate their number because of the lack of resources and people to carry out the research. It would prove that their number increases day by day. However, what exactly does a street child mean? A street child has no clear definition because people have their own definition and agreeing on one definition is difficult. This is according to sociologists and psychologists. They offer various identification criteria and people see such children as abnormal and marginalized. Street children identify the street as a place where they can get work and obtain money for survival. For others it is a home where they live with other children whom they treat like a family. Therefore, they are loved by fellow street children and are hated by them as well, which leads to frequent fights, but that is their life and they understand it. This paper will help understand and clearly define the notion of street children. The paper looks at the notion of street children, how they become street children, problems they face, and ways to help them. How Do Children Become Street Children? Many researchers have shown that every street child has his/her own story on how he/she became a street child. They vary from one child to another, but all lead to the same situation, i.e. becoming a street child. There are three types of street children: there are children who run away from home and live in the street; children working in the street most of their time, but finally going to their homes; and, finally, children who are born in the street by street children and live there with their family consisting of either mother, father or both. This classification helps us tackle the reasons why many children become street children. According to interviews conducted in the streets of Cairo, the reasons found may include the following: Family/Parental abuse 3 out of 10 street children interviewed were there because of parental abuse. Children are born into a family with both parents. The abuse comes in when one or both parents hate the child because the mother or father is dead and a step parent physically beats the child. The child is unable to cope with hatred and many sufferings and opts to run away, ending up in the street. In the street, the child gets a sense of belonging and love from other children, hence making a street a home away from home. Child labor Living standards of many families are low because of the poor economy. Studies show that most parents cannot meet the needs of the family like food, education, medicine, shelter because they have low incomes, making life hard and opting for support from children. Therefore, they send their children to sell things like tissue paper, cheap stuffs, carry loads, clean cars in order to get money. Others beg for money to buy food or assist their family. Most street children confessed that they decided to stay there and never to return home because they saw it as a punishment. They work and keep the money for themselves. Hence, they become street children who work to survive. 30% of street children in Egypt have emerged in the result of supporting the family through work. Sexual harassment by family members Children, especially girls, are exposed to many problems in the society like rape and incest. They are not protected from other family members like step fathers, uncles, step brothers,. This results in incest, which is a taboo in most cultures. Members of the community molested and harassed them. This made them feel that they are not protected and they decided to protect themselves by going to the street. 40% of girls in the street had been raped, molested, and harassed by family members and the community. Homelessness Some families do not have homes, especially if there are clashes and the house is burnt down. War and natural disasters like earthquakes, floods, and landslides leave many people homeless and they feel that the only place they can run to is the street. 1% of street children said that they had no place to stay. Poverty Some children may not survive without food. Thus, they run to towns and cities to beg for food or work to buy food and anything they want. Poverty means that the child cannot get satisfaction and begging may be the only option. Parental divorce When family relations have broken, the member affected most is the child. They cannot stay with the father because he might marry another woman and hate the child or the mother may get married and step father would abuse the child. Thus, they opt to stay alone, which is difficult. Finally, they run to streets for comfort and have a sense of belonging. 24% of those who join institutional care are from broken families. Neglect Neglect from parents or other siblings makes children run because they are not comfortable in the family. Negligence contributes to effects like physical abuse and sexual harassment. Thus, they prevent such consequences by running away. Parents who are drug addicts fail to provide for their family. Social interaction is absent, especially when parents are drug addicts or busy with work. Therefore, children feel that they are ignored and neglected, hence running to streets to have a sense of belonging by being loved by others. 32% reported the lack of love and care from parents and other family members. Migration from rural to urban areas Houses in urban centers are small and have poor conditions. Rooms cannot accommodate all family members; thus, children go to street to work and earn money and this eventually leads to living in the street. Failure at school When children fail at school, they may be beaten by parents and this causes education stress in the life of the child. Dropping out of school becomes an option and if they cannot stay in the village, they go to towns to look for work, ending up in the street. Loss of parents Parents may die due to suffering from diseases like HIV, natural disasters like floods, landslide, or war and other conflicts. This makes children support themselves, which they do by working in the streets. Studies show that each and every street child feels that street is the home and he/she owns that space. They have rules and regulations, which they follow even though they do not follow the state laws. They seek to be accepted by other street children and care how they feel about them, but they do not care what other people feel about them. They have organized groups and each area in the street has a leader who supports others. The leaders do not head criminal activities rather they give drugs, protection, and any help to other street children and are given money or sex in exchange. They have powers over space and general survival, so others must obey them. What Does Street Child Mean for Us? Anybody seen clothed in rags, dirty, and living in the street is automatically deemed a street child. People see them as criminals, beggars, victims who need to be eliminated from the streets. People believe that only poor children from poor backgrounds are the ones who become street children. However, this is not enough for categorizing and labeling them. Most social workers and non-governmental organizations give stories so that people may sympathize with such children. Street children do not want pity, but rather they want basic children rights like right to education, right to be taken care of, right to be provided with basic needs and emotional needs (Mikhail, 2013). Street children are stubborn, aggressive, selfish, with unstable emotional behaviors, abusive, rebellious, they lack trust, and they may not concentrate on any duty given. This is because of the environment they stay in has harsh conditions, under which they struggle to survive. They mature early and have tactics of self-reliance because they know how to survive by begging, working, or selling their bodies to get money. They believe that security is self-defense and personal protection. They are able to form subcultures like gangs, prostitutes, which goes against society’s expectations. Therefore, they are very rebellious to the society’s laws and ignore societal patterns and systems. Problems that Face Street Children in Egypt Street children face many problems, which affect their physical and psychological health and general safety. The research shows that the surrounding environment, fellow street children, police, and many other factors cause problems to street children. The problems include: Physical harassment like being beaten by passerby, police officers, fellow street children due to the lack of cooperation with their leaders. Verbal abuse, which makes them remember the past and what made them become street children. Sexual abuse because some are forced to have sex without consent, others may agree to sex, but they are not paid for it; this causes psychological and health problems. Economic exploitation because they are forced to work long hours with low wages. For instance, they clean cars and trucks till night and receive little or no pay at all. Safety issues like accidents, cars running over them, somebody mistaking them for loads. Lack of education Risks of drug use, trafficking, and distribution. They engage in gang activities like robbery, fraudulent activities, damage of public and private properties, and murder. Harsh climatic conditions like cold, rain, wind, hot conditions that increase amount of dust. This exposes them to many health problems, which they may not be able to treat. Consequences of the Problems of Street Children in Egypt Death: Many street children die in the result of accidents, physical abuse, and illnesses. They may be beaten by fellow street children till they are helpless. In case they engage in gang activities like robbery, they are shot dead. They suffer from various diseases such as anemia, headaches, diarrhea, and many others, which they do not have care and medicine to treat. They may die from attempted abortion as a result of unplanned pregnancies. Infection: By having sex without protection, they are exposed to sexually transmitted diseases, which are expensive to cure. Hygiene-related diseases like lice and general body cleanliness contribute to many illnesses. They do not have a balanced diet; food is dirty because it is taken from garbage, making them feel ill. Police arrests and imprisonment: Some street children are hired by activists and protestors to protest on the streets. They are arrested by the police and are taken to court where they are jailed or taken to correction centers, which abuse them physically, psychologically, and sexually. Early pregnancies: Both sex at will and sex without will may cause unplanned pregnancies that lead to a burden of caring for and raising street-born children. Street mothers may not be able to take care of their babies, which may lead to deaths of young babies. If abortion is attempted, the life is endangered and such an attempt may lead to death. Drug abuse: Use of drugs is rampant, especially smoking, taking glue and other drugs, which they combine with many substances. This is because they can easily obtain them from dealers whom they pay with sex or money. They take drugs to cope with street life, sleep easily, relieve themselves from pain and hunger, and fit into the group to which they belong. This is dangerous for their health and health of others within the group. Rebelliousness: They do not want to obey any person and any authority except for their leader in the street. They do not trust anybody; so, they tend to rebel against any action of the community and social organizations. This leads to formation of rebellious groups that engage in criminal activities against the society’s norms. What Has the NGO and Other Organizations Done to the Street Children until Now in Egypt? Some of the non-governmental organizations that work to help street children and their families include CARITAS Egypt, Al-Amal village, the General Egyptian Association for Child Protection, and Toufolti Association. Hope Village Society (HVS) has partnered with Cairo Street Children Development Cooperation Project to provide shelter to young street mothers and other street children through provision of mobile clinics and day centers. They may work alone or partner with governmental organizations or other NGOs like the UNICEF to help street children. They may fund themselves and also receive financial aid from countries like the US, the UK, and many others. The government has arranged various recreational programs that include street children into various tournaments. This prevents from activists and protestors using children in unworthy activities by paying them little and letting them be arrested and imprisoned. Egypt has organized soccer competitions that encourage street children to participate in the World Cup. The main purpose of this is to rehabilitate them and cultivate a decent future for children. They may encourage them to join school or start business like Youssef. For instance, there is a 10-day tournament that includes 230 street children. Such activists help children obtain birth certificates, passports, and visas and meet with many people. 19 countries are participating in the tournament in Rio de Janeiro this week, according to The National News. Teams, which comprise of 9 street children, a coach, and many social workers, play a major role in helping reduce the number of street children. The government and other institutions have trained social workers who work closely with street children and connect them with other members of the society. The NGOs and other government institutions have called for volunteers, social workers, sociologists, and psychologists to work in reception centers, institutional care institutions to help children abandon street life. They have encouraged the community to take up foster roles to take care of children deprived of it like orphans and destitute. They have engaged many individuals and organizations in research that come up with strategies to reduce the amount of street children. Programs have been started to help street children with various needs like educational, recreational, emotional, and psychological ones, which are offered in the drop-in centers. This has helped many children in giving up street life and engaging in sports, joining primary, secondary, or technical training institutions to acquire skills that will help them make a living and fit in the society. Some organizations have provided residential care like building an orphanage, homes, and hostels to help children move away from street and access basic needs. The government has built residential care nurseries that care for children between 2-6 years until they are transferred to institutional care institutions or are taken by foster families. About 30 care nurseries are said to be built, which has helped around 500 street children. 174 residential care units have been built to provide residential, educational, medical, and recreational services to about 6,000 street children who leave the unit when they are able to support themselves by being equipped with different technical skills (UNODC). The state through the social affairs ministry has set projects like Rural Woman Project that supports around 40,000 women in 123 villages in generating income (UNODC). They also offer educational programs on reproductive health, parenting, and entrepreneurship. This has transformed many families from being poor to levels when they can support their families, hence avoiding child labor. Also, those productive families have been encouraged to start income-generating projects to support and educate poor families in order to become productive and avoid financial aid. They also help them join self-help groups to benefit from many services given by the NGOs and the government. The ministry has also provided social security services by offering monthly pensions and other financial support programs to poor families. These services are enacted based on the Child Law of 1996. This enables them to educate their children, buy food, and satisfy other needs of their children. Foster families have been reintroduced to provide care to children who have been deprived of care like orphans and the destitute ones. Foster families support children till a certain age or until their family conditions improve. The government encourages the community to support street children by giving them education, providing street children with food, shelter, and general emotional care, including love and sense of belonging. Problems affecting street children are directly addressed by the General Social Defense Department suggesting appropriate training programs to suit different needs of street children. Some children need educational programs so that they may become professionals; others need to become self-reliant through starting businesses or finding jobs; and others want to join their families. They also conduct research on the social phenomenon that makes children become street children and take necessary actions by planning the activities. They also conduct follow-ups for children who have graduated from institutional care to see their progress and adaptation to the society. The NGOs have tackled the issue of motherhood and childhood, though not fully, in their program entitled reconstructing the construct, which targets children and mothers because they are the most affected contributors to a menace. They have also encouraged family reunions, which has reduced the amount of street children. Future Plans The government through the Ministry of Social Affairs plans to implement policies and programs that help to control street children. They want to raise family awareness so that they may educate families on reproductive health, proper ways of raising children, technical development skills, and importance of maintaining good family relations. The government plans to combine efforts with the NGOs to do research on the social phenomenon that makes children become street children. After research, they will draft programs to tackle such issues by improving status of poor families and ensuring that parents give birth to a number of children they can support well. They plan to use media and other communication technologies like hotline telephone lines to raise awareness of parenting issues and connecting with children. TVs, radios, and posters may be used to inform parents of their responsibilities. Posters may be used to inform them of any program meeting. They want to start bureaus to offer guidance and counseling services to families and help them to solve most significant family problems like divorce and breakdowns. Family relations are the major cause of the phenomenon of street children. Therefore, by opening these bureaus and equipping them with competent staff, they will offer advice to families how to avoid breaking the family and taking care of children before they become street children. They will also help to connect children and their families through research on the causes of separation and possible ways to reunite. The government and other organizations plan to use recreational services like drama and theaters to show people consequences of behavioral disorder and enhance rehabilitation. Through acting on most common social phenomena, people are able to relate the show with their real life and this will encourage them to promote acceptable behaviors in the society. Theaters will provide entertainment and educational benefits to many street children by raising awareness of behavioral disorders like gangs, rebellion, self-defense, drug addiction, their effects, and ways to deal with these problems in order to avoid forming subcultures. The government and other NGOs plan to train more psychologists, social workers, and sociologists to work closely with street children, the institutional care, reception centers, and other care nurseries. They will participate in the community work to ensure awareness is raised appropriately and looking for the best ways to manage family reunions and projects that are income-generating. They also encourage members of the public to volunteer themselves so that they may help street children. The government plans to build, upgrade, and equip technical training institutions with machines and equipment for workshops and vocational training in Dar Al-Tarbia in Giza. It offers many training programs like tailoring and embroidery for girls, plumbing, masonry, carpentry, mechanics, and many others for boys (UNODC). However, government workers want to upgrade these centers and equip them with modern equipment and machines like computers, photocopiers, and sewing machines. This will help street children to have skills that will give them a profession or will help them start their businesses to support themselves and their families. They also want to provide a consistent supply of raw materials needed in these workshops like embroidery and tailoring materials, wires, paper, and other required materials used in training. The Ministry is planning to develop new and appropriate strategies to help with follow-ups after children leaving street life and residential units. They will help in establishing whether those who graduate from institutional care are able to start their own businesses and if they face any challenges and solve them. Most follow-ups are outdated and inappropriate. Therefore, re-strategizing new methods like checking and ensuring that each graduated child receives tools to start his/her own business and manage career development will help a lot. For recreation services, the Ministry and other NGOs plan to encourage and equip children with sport materials. This will help in reducing the number of street children being involved in criminal activities, protesting, and other bad behaviors that expose them to various risks. Creation of teams that comprise of street children and participate in local, national, and international tournaments will help street children and reduce the amount of problems they are facing. For instance, soccer, volleyball, athletics, basketball, drama, music are major areas of focus that will keep children off the street and nurture their talent and help to develop career. Various projects are proposed by the government and the NGOs to help in generating income to poor families. Rural Woman Project has been started, but it needs to be funded so that they may help women in villages because most of them take care of their families after family breakdown, divorce, single motherhood situations. Apart from generating income, they will also receive training on various skills development, parenting, and other guidance and counseling services. There are plans to combine efforts of the government and the NGOs to support and reduce the number of street children. Working in different areas may not yield desired results. Thus, combining efforts and focusing on one goal will help both the government and the NGOs to succeed in dealing with this phenomenon. They will utilize available resources to carry out the research and analyze the results to develop important policies and procedures in order to help street children and prevent children from preferring street life more than their homes. Al-Horia, an NGO, has a project to provide emergency services to street children in terms of many risks exposed. Many health problems are not addressed; also, street children face many emergency cases with no help. The NGO will provide street children with emergency service like first aid, ambulance services, and care. In doing so, they may avoid many deaths in the streets. They may save girls from dangerous abortion, sexual abuse, and many accidents. Effectiveness of the Services Provided to Street Children by Governmental and Non-Governmental Organizations Most of the NGOs have tried to make street children unite with their families. However, it is difficult and ineffective because most children do not want to go back because of the past experience. Hence, they prefer to stay alone or in some place other than their families. Victims of rape, torture, and neglect are hard to reunite. Also, the process requires a comprehensive process of visitation to the family before and after reunion and this may be expensive. The NGO needs to work with government officials like chiefs and village elders for the process to succeed. Cases of drug abuse have not been effectively tackled. Reception centers reject those under drugs or who are addicts because they believe these people may interrupt programs and make others not attend the trainings. Detoxification services to help those who have used drugs are not available. Hence, drug use needs to be focused on because most street children use drugs and substances for different reasons. Drug awareness is also not effectively done in terms of street children. Hence, there are many risks they are exposed to, including health problems and socio-behavioral disorders. Raising awareness through the media is not enough. Direct participation is required to collectively campaign against many social vices that tend to influence an increase in the number of street children. Some people may not access information from radios, TVs, or theater shows and drama. Thus, information is not received by intended parties who live in villages. Therefore, the media are not effective in addressing the problems. Research is not effective because those who carry out the research focus only on causes and problems faced by street children instead of involving them in creating policies that will help them to meet their various needs. When they introduce educational programs for adults and street children, they use ordinary syllabuses, forgetting that these are special cases that require different educational approaches. Special needs require special attention to achieve the desired results. The common syllabuses used by regular schools may not be effective in institutional care centers. Adult programs are outdated and non-influential; thus, less impact is made on adults. There are many health programs in place to help street children like a doctor visiting children twice or thrice a week. However, they are not effectively carried out because street children do not trust people. They also fear interaction with people because they may be arrested or injected with medicine that may hinder carrying out their street duties. Those with mental issues have not been helped because of ineffective methods used. Most street children beg for food, some buy food from cheap cafes, and others get it from garbage. This exposes them to health problems. Organizations help to acquire food, but it may not be balanced and not meet various nutritional needs of each street child. Therefore, nutritional needs are not effectively tackled. Child rights and protection are not effectively handled because street children after recovering and returning home suffer from marginalization and stigmatization from other family members and the community. Thus, they are not protected and if they start their own businesses, few people understand and support them. Child rights are not granted to them because they may be expensive for the government and other organizations to provide. Therefore, the Acts are not fully implemented because of the lack of resources. Solutions to Reduce the Growing Problem of Street Children in Egypt Many problems faced by street children can be addressed easily by focusing on various aspects of their childhood life. Focusing on their needs will help prevent children from running away from home and focusing on problems faced by street children will help them to move out of street life and engage in the society development through various systems and activities. There are four categories of intervention that can be used to reduce the growing problems of street children. They include: structural-based, community-based, center-based, and street-based interventions. Structural-based interventions include policies and procedures that are laid down by various organizations targeting street children. They include research done to help reduce the growing number of street children, strategies to help those on the streets get something important to do, acquire a profession, and reunite with families. Many organizations need to offer programs that may benefit these children like creating recreational events that will include street children. Introduction and implementing various Acts, which are in place like child rights and protection through the use of legislative functions of the government, will help decrease the problem. Community-based interventions involve various projects and programs that educate parents on the benefits of maintaining family relations with their children. Various projects need to be initiated to encourage entrepreneurship and other skills development. This will generate income and help with the provision of basic needs. Also, parenting programs need to be in place so that the responsibility of parents is emphasized, for example, with respect to adequate interaction between a child and a parent in order to avoid negligence and implement a sense of love and belonging in the mind of a child coming from parents, not the street. Center-based interventions should be developed and implemented in reception centers, institutional care centers, and other places that support children. These centers need to have competent staff with passion to work with street children, rather than for their personal benefit. There should be sociologists, psychologists, social workers who are willing to work closely with such children. They should be well-trained and exposed to field work so as to gain skills and competency on problems affecting street children. They should equip these centers with required facilities to effectively deliver various programs and services to children and the community. Street-based interventions include various strategies to support children while in the street. For instance, raising awareness of the drug and substance abuse and health problems they are exposed to will yield good results. Involving street children in cleaning the city as a community work, attending cultural events, creating teams for various tournaments and music and drama festivals will help children realize their talent and nurture it. Above all, it will develop a sense of belonging to the family and the community. Food aids, medicine, providing with clothes, and other care services will make it easier to rehabilitate such children. Street children are not a new phenomenon in the country as they have existed since the 1980s and if the government and the NGOs do not tackle it effectively, there will be a tremendous increase in their number because of the economic, political, and social crisis in the country. Such children may also cause many problems in the whole country. Individual and community perception towards street children must change so as to know exactly who is a street child and ways to prevent children from becoming one in the streets. The responsibilities of each and every person at the family, community, and state level should be emphasized. Parents should be aware of their duties and responsibilities and penalties for failure to respect their duties. Street children do not have rights, but they have children rights that are stipulated in the Child Rights and Protection Act. Therefore, social workers and those who work with street children should advocate for children rights and not try to make the community sympathize with street children. They should make the community tackle the causes and try to avoid them. Those already in the street should be encouraged to leave the street life by implementing focused programs that emphasize their present and future needs and not their past. There are some people and groups of people that prevent the government and other NGOs from implementing the important plans concerning street children. The Muslim Brotherhood is said to prevent many NGOs from executing their plans. To avoid these situations, there should be appropriate policies to protect these organizations and heavy penalties should be imposed on those groups that are against such developments. By combining efforts at the family, community, and organizational levels, many social, economic, and political issues will be solved and families will become a safe place for child growth and development.

Financial strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Financial strategy - Essay Example In the recent past, companies are adopting the value based management approach which is a formal systematic approach used in managing companies with an aim of achieving the objective of maximizing value creation and shareholder value (Chapman, Hopwood, & Shields, 2009, p. 1248). Value based management focuses on the key drivers of value thus helping companies achieve their objectives (Starovic, Cooper, & Davis, 2004, 2004, p.15-17). Increasing focus on core competencies has forced companies to outsource some services to ensure that they remain relevant in terms of their revenues and expenditure in comparison with their competitors. Knowing a company’s position is important because it is useful in defining and redefining strategies to improve profit margins and to capitalize on company’s strengths to enhance shareholder value creation (Starovic, Cooper, & Davis, 2004, 2004, p.10-17). Various methods have been used to measure the shareholder’s value but the most co mmonly used are the profitability analysis, Strategic Profit Mode (SPM), and the Economic Value Added (EVA) method. One of the common methods used to measure profitability is Return On Capital Employed (ROCE) which is the operating profit after tax divide by the net capital employed. However, a major criticism on this method is that it does not measure operating profits and capital employed the way investors do. Investors are concerned about economic profits and the amount of debt and equity invested in the business but these amounts may disagree with those used in company’s financial statements because of the accounting practices in use. For instance, accounting reserves which have to be accounted for in financial statements tend to understate economic profits and the amount of equity capital actually invested in the business. ROCE provides little guidance on the profitability level because of its shortcomings. Given the shortcomings of ROCE, SPM and EVA models are preferred because they enable the company to focus on shareholder value and provide a long-term orientation in their analysis. SPM and EVA are reliable, consistent, and therefore preferred over ROCE method. The Strategic Profit Model (SPM) measures the Return On Net Worth (RONW) of a company which is a tool used to measure the changes in the shareholder value in an organization. RONW is made of three components, which include net profit, asset turnover, and financial leverage. These components are used in the calculation of RONW and they can be controlled by the managers of a company (Viswanadham and Luthra, 2005, p.478). Net profit is the difference between sales and expenses and from it net profit margin is calculated which measures how efficiently a company manufactures and sells its products. Net profit margin is the net profit as a percentage of sales. Asset turnover is the sales divided by the total assets of a company and it shows how efficiently a company employs its assets to achiev e a given level of sales. The Return On Assets (ROA) is arrived at by multiplying the net profit margin with the asset turnover and it relates the profitability of a company to the value of assets employed. The financial leverage of a company provides the relationship between the total

Professional or academic experience Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Professional or academic experience - Essay Example The aim was to uncover the hidden talent in a child and nurture it. The task was daunting; we were four of us, we had few resources and were expected to make a success of a venture the size of which was intimidating enough without the added burden of our regular school curriculum and teaching assignments. The only factor in our favor was that we had a couple of months to plan it. However there were a thousand things that could go wrong and the biggest problem was raising the funds to conduct a contest of this size. The computer department of my school was special because at that time very few schools could boast of having even a few computers much less a computer section. I was the head of the department and had helped set it up. The school had organized many inter-school contests in such varied fields as dance, music, debates, quizzing etc. Naturally since we had such a hi-tech computer section we were expected to organize an inter school computer contest. As head of the department this was solely my responsibility and I had only a couple of months to plan it, and show results. I had to do some fast thinking about how I would go about this with the few resources available – both financial as well as in terms of man power. The first thing I did was call a meeting of my department. It was a brain storming session where every idea was put down on paper and discussed threadbare. We finally had a broad outline of the kind of contests we could organize for each of the various age groups that would take part; as well as a rough plan of dates that would not interfere with the school curriculum and exam timetable. We decided to invite an outside party to conduct the contest to make it absolutely fair and transparent. This would involve being able to convince a third party with the necessary credentials and expertise to help out. The name of the contest was very important and had to be decided early. After

Machiavelli, Plato, Aristotle Essay Example for Free

Machiavelli, Plato, Aristotle Essay Machiavelli in his book â€Å"The Prince† seems to sap the very foundations of morality and stops at nothing short of capsizing the entire edifice of religion. His thoughts resonate with a loathing of true virtue and propagate corrupted politics. Actually, today the term Machiavellianism is used to refer to the use of deceitfulness to advance one’s goals or desires. In ‘The Prince†, Machiavelli breaks from the classical view of virtue as represented by his philosophic predecessors Plato and Aristotle. Whereas his predecessors held virtue in an ideal environment (idealism), Machiavelli defined virtue in a real environment where one is judged by his actions and not by the way his actions ought to be (realism). According to Plato and Aristotle good life only exists in total virtue where a person will be most happy. Plato places emphasis on the extinction of personal desires through love so that one can achieve happiness (Barker, 1959). Aristotle on the other hand believes that an ideal or perfect state brings out the virtue in all men. A person will gain happiness when all their actions and goals are virtuous. This implies that according to Aristotle happiness is a group goal and not an individual goal (Barker, 1959). Plato equally in bringing out the essence of love which must be shared among people suggests that happiness is a group goal. However, virtue in the Machiavellian sense seems to lack a moral tone. By virtue, he alludes to personal qualities needed for the achievement of one’s own ends (Machiavelli, 1998). His view seems to be directed at self interests and not a common goal. In pursuing personal interests, one is not careful about the means by which he does so and therefore is not bound by a moral imperative. In â€Å"The Prince† Machiavelli describes two types of principalities. One is hereditary and the other is acquired. He observes that though no virtue is required to attain a hereditary principality, it takes virtue to acquire and maintain a new principality. The basis of his views does not entirely contradict the classical view on morality, however, he goes on further to illustrate and make allowances for evil, and this is what brings about the contradiction. For example Machiavelli states, â€Å"When a new territory does not share the same language and culture as the prince’s original territory, the prince must have the wisdom and ability to assimilate the new territory† (Machiavelli, 1998). This view wholly concurs with Plato’s on the need for wisdom as a virtue. On ability however, Machiavelli alludes to the use of force or violent means which defies views on classical morality. In the same chapter, he goes on to say that a prince ought to protect his weaker neighbors and prevent the powerful ones from gaining more power. The virtue of courage here echoes the principle virtues as outlined by Plato, courage being one of them. However, Machiavelli encourages the prince not to hesitate in using force to enforce this (Machiavelli, 1998). This goes against the grain of conventional virtue as it encourages people in power to use whatever means, even ruthless, to preserve their power. Machiavelli suggests two ways by which a private citizen can become a prince, either by fortune or by ability. Among those who became princes through ability, Machiavelli cites Moses, Cyrus, Romulus, and Francesco Sforza among others. He gives the example of Borgia who inherited power and later lost it to dissuade princes from depending on fortune but rather to use their abilities to attain success. He makes it clear that virtue or ability is more related to statecraft and less related to morality. In undermining morality, he allows for the use of force to gain and preserve power. He says â€Å"A prince who comes to power by evil means is said to have neither fortune nor ability. Such a prince may gain power, but not glory† (Machiavelli, 1998). By â€Å"evil means,† he refers to the use cruelty in proper and improper ways. He explains that if cruelty is utilized to achieve a necessary goal, then it is proper. However, if it is used to achieve no purpose but to instill f ear into the citizens, it is improper. Consequently, the proper use of force according to Machiavelli is a virtue. This contradicts the virtue of moderation as outlined by Plato which puts restrictions on the use of extreme means such as the use of force to achieve goals. One can infer that Plato would advocate for diplomacy rather than force if a prince aimed at achieving allegiance from his subjects. According to Plato, good life is only attained through perfect love which comes about by a submersion of personal desire. According to Machiavelli, â€Å"a prince does not have to be loved by the people, though still he must not be hated† (Machiavelli, 1998). He goes further to explain that history has revealed that men who were not loved but feared were more effective leaders. A ruler who brings mayhem to his state because of his imprudent kindness should not be considered a good leader. For Machiavelli, the virtue a prince should pursue is â€Å"fear from his subjects and not love (Machiavelli, 1998). Such a prince, he explains, will be able to sustain the morale of his subjects, which takes both wisdom and courage. Therefore according to Machiavelli the prince is better of being feared than loved which contradicts the earlier views of Plato, who placed a great emphasis on the pursuit of love as a major virtue. In chapter eighteen of â€Å"The Prince† Machiavelli argues that total honesty is only practical in an ideal world. However, since the world is characterized by dishonest men, a prince cannot be expected to keep all his pledges. Therefore he should endeavor to use deception to his benefit. Machiavelli uses the analogy of the fox and the lion to encourage the prince to be both cunning and courageous. He explains that whereas â€Å"the fox can recognize snares but cannot drive away wolves, the lion can drive away wolves but cannot recognize snares† (Machiavelli, 1998).In this he means that a prince does not need to possess good qualities but should just appear to possess them, since subjects are only interested in outward appearances if they lead to a favorable end. It is from this view that the term ‘Machiavellianism† has been coined to in today’s usage to mean the use of cunningness to achieve undue advantage over one’s subjects. In comparison to the classical view of virtue, Machiavelli’s view lacks a moral sense. Machiavelli’s work on the prince has received wide criticism from a large front including the Catholic Church. As the devil’s advocate, he seems to break away from the conventional virtues of his predecessors Plato and Aristotle openly deriding the church and its fundamentals. Whereas Plato and Aristotle relate living virtuously to godliness, Machiavelli’s virtue involves lying and subordinating atrocious means to practical ends. Realism, which Machiavelli subscribed to, has been defined as a cynical view to politics devoted to furthering personal interests with no regard to moral or religious structures (Schaub, 1998). This view implies that a prince can be at odds with the moral virtue, a contradiction to the classical concept of virtue postulated by both Plato and Aristotle. At a glance of Machiavelli’s â€Å"The Prince†, we largely infer that he goes all out to ill advice the prince against the classical virtues of his predecessors. He seems to herald the triumph of evil over good. However, taking a critical look at the work, one cannot help but notice gaps and disjunctions in the text. For example the characters he picks to illustrate his case. In showing the proper and effective use of cruelty in chapter seventeen, he uses Hannibal and compares him to Scipio as compassionate and therefore ineffective. This is violently at odds with the truth and is ironic at the same time because Scipio accused of compassion defeats Hannibal at the battle of Zama (Machiavelli, 1998). Also, Machiavelli writes in Italian and not Latin, the language of the scholars of whom the princes are. This leaves the question as to who exactly was his target audience. Was he really advising the princes who already knew how to be cruel or was it the subjects, and if the subjects then for what purpose. Therefore, just as much as we have illustrated how Machiavelli strays from the classical virtue, it rests upon the attentive reader to ingest and make a personal judgment as to what Machiavelli really intended to put across.

Physics of Paintball :: physics paintball gun

Fuel For A Paintball Marker The Reason that people need a tank when they play paintball is because you need a way to force the paintballs out of the gun and this cannot be achieved effectively by just using a spring. What they decided to do was to fuel the paintballs by pushing them with a gas. The way in which they did this was to put the gases, either Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide or Nitrogen under extreme pressure until they turned into a liquid and once they are in a liquid form they can be blown into a tank which probably looks something like this. Carbon Dioxide must be under a pressure of at least 415.8 kPaA For it to turn into liquid form. Oxygen and Nitrogen are very similar to this. The way in which the gas is let out is that there is a needle in a valve in the top of the tank and when the tank is screwed into the paintball marker the needle gets pressed down and the entire system becomes pressurized and is ready to be fired. Then when the gun is cocked and the trigger is pulled the bolt is pushed forward, accelerated by the force of the C02 acting behind it and pushes the paintball out. Then the bolt comes back into the read position and the C02 is no longer flowing and is again pushing against the bolt. There are some problems with this system however. One of the major ones is called snowing, where liquid C02 actually gets into the paintball marker, this is not good for multiple reasons, first of all having the liquid C02 on the moving parts inside a marker is not good for it, since many of the parts inside are rubber or plastic. The second problem with this is since the gas is in liquid form it is not expanding as fast and there for is not pushing the paintballs as effectively. This causes a white snow like substance to come out of the barrel of the marker. There are several way that this problem is dealt with, some markers have the guns stored in a vertical position to keep the liquid in the bottom of the tanks. Other markers employ gas lines or expansion chambers, these are basically just tubes or cylinders that run from the tank to the marker and give the C02 a chance to turn from a liquid to a gas.